Signs of a Hypocrite

موضوع: Signs of a Hypocrite الأحد يناير 13, 2013 8:03 pm

* Abdullah ibn ‘Amr (RA) says that Rasulullah (SAW) said: “Four traits whoever possesses them is a hypocrite and whoever possesses some of them has an element of hypocrisy until he leaves it: the one who when he speaks he lies, when he promises he breaks his promise, when he disputes he transgresses and when he makes an agreement he violates it.” (Muslim and Bukhari)

Other narration of this hadith: “The signs of the hypocrite are three: when he speaks he lies, when he promises he breaks his promise and when he is entrusted he betrays the trust.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

“…even if he prays and fasts and imagines that he is a Muslim.” (Muslim)

** Nifaq (hypocrisy):
in the Arabic language means the general category of deception, scheming and presenting an outward appearance of good while concealing its opposite.

*** In the Shari ‘a, nifaq is of two types:

a) Greater (An-Nifaq Al-Akbar):

To present an outward appearance of belief in Allah, his Angels, his books, his messengers, the last day, etc. while concealing within that which negates all or some of that. This is the hypocrisy which Rasulullah (SAW) confronted during his life and the ones who Allah said in the Qur’an that they are in “Indeed, the hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of the Fire - and never will you find for them a helper -”. (4:145)Surat An-Nisā'

b) Lesser (An-Nifaq Al-Asghar) or hypocrisy of action:

To present an outward appearance of good and good deeds while concealing within that which negates that. This form of hypocrisy is built on the 5 things mentioned in the hadith at hand.

**** The actions in this hadith are all part of lesser hypocrisy:

One who has these character traits in interaction with other people is most likely to have them with regard to Allah and his Prophet’s (AS’s). That is why the existence of them is a ‘sign’ of the existence of greater nifaq.

***** Lying. Al-Hassan Al-Basri said: “Nifaq is the difference between the inner and the appearance, between statement and action and between entering and leaving and it used to be said that the foundation of nifaq upon which it is built is lying.”

***** Breaking Promises. This falls into two categories:

a) Making a promise with no intention of keeping it. Al-Awaa’il said that one who says “I will do such-and-such Inshallah” without intending to do it has committed both lying and breaking a promise.

b) Making a promise intending to keep it and then later deciding to break it.

***** Transgression in Dispute:

The main meaning of ‘transgression’ here is to intentionally speak other than truth making truth falsehood and vice versa. Lying “calls to” this as in the hadith: “Beware of lying for lying guides to transgression and transgression leads to the fire.” (Bukhari, Muslim).
Rasulullah (SAW) said: “The most hated of men to Allah is the one given to fierce and violent disputation.” (Bukhari, Muslim)
Rasulullah (SAW)) said about the one who takes what is not his through clever speech has only been given a piece of the fire.

**** Breaking Agreements. Allah said:

“And fulfill your agreements for verily agreements will be asked about.”(Surah Al-Isrâ 17: 34)

Allah says:

“And fulfill Allah’s agreement when you have made an agreement and don’t violate your oaths after they have been established and you have made Allah your guardian (therein).” (Surah An-Nahl 16: 91)

The most serious oath to dishonor is the oath of allegiance to the khalifah of the Muslims.

**** Betraying of Trusts:

When a Muslim is entrusted with something, he must do his best to protect it. Allah says:
“O ye that believe! Betray not the trust of Allah and the Messenger, nor misappropriate knowingly things entrusted to you.” (Surah Al-Anfaal 8: 27)

***** These issues have all been connected to hypocrisy in the Qur’an:

a) Surah Al-Munaafiqoon ( 63: 1-2 ) (Lying, breaking oaths)
“When the hypocrites come to you, [O Muhammad], they say, "We testify that you are the Messenger of Allah ." And Allah knows that you are His Messenger, and Allah testifies that the hypocrites are liars.They have taken their oaths as a cover, so they averted [people] from the way of Allah. Indeed, it was evil that they were doing.”

b) Surah At-Taubah ( 9: 73-77 ) (False oaths, breaking promises (to Allah), lying)
”O Prophet! Strive hard against the unbelievers and the Hypocrites, and be firm against them. Their abode is Hell,- an evil refuge indeed. They swear by Allah that they said nothing (evil), but indeed they uttered blasphemy, and they did it after accepting Islam; and they meditated a plot which they were unable to carry out: this revenge of theirs was (their) only return for the bounty with which Allah and His Messenger had enriched them! If they repent, it will be best for them; but if they turn back (to their evil ways), Allah will punish them with a grievous penalty in this life and in the Hereafter: They shall have none on earth to protect or help them. Amongst them are men who made a covenant with Allah, that if He bestowed on them of His bounty, they would give (largely) in charity, and be truly amongst those who are righteous But when He did bestow of His bounty, they became covetous, and turned back (from their covenant), averse (from its fulfillment). So He hath put as a consequence hypocrisy into their hearts, (to last) till the Day, whereon they shall meet Him: because they broke their covenant with Allah, and because they lied (again and again).”

c) Surah Al-Ahzaab ( 33: 72-73) ( Betraying trusts )
“We did indeed offer the Trust to the Heavens and the Earth and the Mountains; but they refused to undertake it, being afraid thereof: but man undertook it, He was indeed unjust and foolish, (With the result) that Allah has to punish the Hypocrites, men and women, and the Unbelievers, men and women, and Allah turns in Mercy to the Believers, men and women: for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”

*** Umar (RA) mentioned Rasulullah (SAW) saying: “The thing from which I fear for you the most is the knowledgeable hypocrite.”
Umar (RA) was then asked: “How can a hypocrite be knowledgeable?” Umar (RA) answered: “He speaks with wisdom but acts with injustice.”

*** Ibn Umar was told: “We enter the presence of the ruler we speak to him other than what we say after we leave.” Ibn Umar said: “We used to consider that hypocrisy.” (Bukhari)

*** Ibn Abi Malaika said: “I encountered thirty Companions of Rasulullah (SAW)) every one of them fears hypocrisy for himself and Al-Hassan Al-Basri used to say about it: “No one fears it but a believer and no one feels safe from it but a hypocrite.” (Bukhari)

*** Another aspect of hypocrisy: to do apparently good deeds with wicked intentions. Allah said:

“They set up a Masjid for the purpose of harm, Kufr, creating division among the Muslims and as an outpost for those making war against Allah and His Prophet before this and they will swear “We only intended good.” And Allah bears witness that they are liars.”
(Surah Taubah9: 107)

Allah says:
“Do not imagine that those who are joyful with what they have done and love to be praised for that which they did not do – do not imagine them to be safe from punishment – and theirs is a painful punishment.” (Surah al-Imraan 3:188)

“Inshallah we KEEP the PROMISES and OATHS that we take and make.May Allah save us all from hypocrisy. Amen Amen Amen"